The end of the Cold War led to a dramatic and fundamental change in the foreign policy of the United States. In Mission Failure, Michael Mandelbaum, one of America's leading foreign-policy thinkers, provides an original, provocative, and definitive account of the ambitious but deeply flawed post-Cold War efforts to promote American values and American institutions throughout the world. In the decades before the Cold War ended the United States, like virtually every other country throughout history, used its military power to defend against threats to important American international interests or to the American homeland itself. When the Cold War concluded, however, it embarked on military interventions in places where American interests were not at stake. Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia and Kosovo had no strategic or economic importance for the United States, which intervened in all of them for purely humanitarian reasons. Each such intervention led to efforts to transform the local political and economic systems. The invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq, launched in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, turned into similar missions of transformation. None of them achieved its aims. Mission Failure describes and explains how such missions came to be central to America's post-Cold War foreign policy, even in relations with China and Russia in the early 1990s and in American diplomacy in the Middle East, and how they all failed. Mandelbaum shows how American efforts to bring peace, national unity, democracy, and free-market economies to poor, disorderly countries ran afoul of ethnic and sectarian loyalties and hatreds and foundered as well on the absence of the historical experiences and political habits, skills, and values that Western institutions require. The history of American foreign policy in the years after the fall of the Berlin Wall is, he writes, "the story of good, sometimes noble, and thoroughly American intentions coming up against the deeply embedded, often harsh, and profoundly un-American realities of places far from the United States. In this encounter the realities prevailed."
Here is history itself recorded by one of its helpless human instruments. It is not often that a diplomat records his failure with such engaging frankness. This is the first source book on the second World War.
The author, flight director in NASA's Mission Control, tells of the challenges in space flight from the very early years to the current time and of "his own bold suggestions about what we ought to be doing in space now."--Jacket.
With the world's demise hanging in the balance, the Mission has promised a new life.
Mission Failure and Survival
"This young adult book tells the story of the Apollo 13 mission in 1970.
In Fail Better, Anjali Sastry and Kara Penn show how to create the conditions, culture, and habits to systematically, ruthlessly, and quickly figure out what works, in three steps: 1.
44 In the west, this mishap was dubbed the St Valentine's Day massacre.45 Because the first stage shared technology with the Long March 2E, this failure also affected that vehicle, and withdrawing both vehicles excluded China from the ...
This book offers a new perspective on peace missions in intra-state wars, based on comparative field research.
Roth walks over to her and they talk in a low voice. Josh is scrawling something on the back of his classmate's chair. Roth spots him and walks over to him next. “Test-taking is a tenuous process,” Roth explains to me.
Failure of Three Missions: British Diplomacy and Intelligence in the Efforts to Overthrow Soviet Government in Central Asia and Transcaucasia...