"Catalonia: the struggle over independence offers an overview of Catalonia's political, cultural and economic life and its relations with the rest of Spain. It shows how Catalonia has long displayed the characteristics of a nation: distinct language and culture, separate social and political institutions, and a strong collective identity. At the same time, Catalonia has been one of Spain's primary centres of economic dynamism and innovation. As such, it is an especially striking instance of "minority' or 'internal' nations within a larger political order. During the Franco years, the Spanish state made a concerted effort to eliminate Catalonia's national characteristics. Subsequently, as it sought to restore the Catalan nation, Catalonia's leadership, and most of its population, presumed that Catalonia would pursue 'nation-building without a state' as part of the post-Franco constitutional and political order. This second edition analyzes the remarkable transformation that has taken place over the last decade. The ideal of an independent and sovereign Catalonia has become: the formal objective of Catalonia's parliament and government; the raison d'être of a strongly mobilized social movement; and the preferred arrangement of close to half of Catalonia's residents. In 2017, the drive for independence even led to a failed attempt to secure independence unilaterally, in defiance of Spain's constitution and its central state. How can this transformation best be explained and what does it portend for the future of Catalonia and Spain? The book offers Important insights about the origins of nationalism and the politics of secessionism. By exploring the challenge of accommodating 'internal nations' within a larger state, the book addresses a central question facing the political institutions of much of Europe and North America"--
Fins al regnat , d'Adrià , el governador de la província , en començar l'exercici del seu càrrec , promulgava el seu edicte , en el qual feia conèixer les regles que adoptaria en l'administració de justícia .
Pollestres 183 1744 MARSAL Marçal bb Alet / Fossa Vilanova de Raò 051 1778 MARSAL Marçal Vilanova de Raò Tuïr 209 1746 MARSAL Marçal bb Alet / Fossa Terrats 240 1769 MARSAL Marçal Forques Vilanova de la Ribera 171 1740 MARSAL Marçal ...
447 , 448 ) : Joan Marsal Pere ( 1915 ) —com hem dit , fill de l'antic component de la primera colla , Josep Marsal Giménez— , com a graller i fundador de la colla ; Isidre Pàmies Rull del Tròvio ( 1921-1979 ) , com a timbaler , i com a ...
Història de la Generalitat de Catalunya i dels seus presidents: 1359-1518
Història de Catalunya al revés
Compendi d'història de Catalunya
Sobre història de Catalunya: escrits a l'exili (1939-1949)
... que dominaven Puigcerdà i amples encontorns de la Cerdanya , « zona fronterera - escriu Cruells— que des del 19 de juliol estava sota el caprici i el ... i Josep M. SOLÉ 1 SABATÉ , Anarquia i república a la Cerdanya ( 1936-1939 ) .
Reading these books is to see the world afresh, to rediscover a time when many cultures were quite strange to each other, where legends and stories were treated as facts and in which so much was still to be discovered.
... suplica al Capítol la rebaixa de l ' " octau ” , “ per les grans secades e esterilitats que Nostre Senyor dóna a la terra , les terres dels secans són molt vengudes a menys e a poques valies ” , fins al punt que amb prou feines ...