PART 1: The ecological basis of conservation. Conservation and the land; Conservation of nature in the marine environment; The intertidal zone; Lowland heathland: the case for amenity land management; Woodland conservation in britain; Heather moorland in northern britain; The conservation and management of animal populations; Genetics and conservation. PART 2: Ecology and conservation in practice. Ecological effects of pesticides; The restoration of mined land; Ecological effects of visitors and the restoration of damaged areas; the creation of species-rich grasslands; Evaluating nature; Management plants; urban nature conservation; ecological effects of upland afforestation. PART 3: Organizing conservation; the historical perspective; values and institutions in the history of british nature conservation; agriculture and conservation: what room for compromise?; economics and conservation: the case of land drainage; National parks: a cosmetic conservation system; Environmental management in local authorities; the voluntary movement; nature conservation in Natuional Parks in Western Europe.