No one questions the horrific impact of the Civil War on America, but few realize its effect on American Indians. Residents of Indian Territory found the war especially devastating. Their homeland was beset not only by regular army operations but also by guerillas and bushwhackers. Complicating the situation even further, Cherokee men fought for the Union as well as the Confederacy and created their own “brothers’ war.” This book offers a broad overview of the war as it affected the Cherokees—a social history of a people plunged into crisis. The Cherokee Nation in the Civil War shows how the Cherokee people, who had only just begun to recover from the ordeal of removal, faced an equally devastating upheaval in the Civil War. Clarissa W. Confer illustrates how the Cherokee Nation, with its sovereign status and distinct culture, had a wartime experience unlike that of any other group of people—and suffered perhaps the greatest losses of land, population, and sovereignty. Confer examines decision-making and leadership within the tribe, campaigns and soldiering among participants on both sides, and elements of civilian life and reconstruction. She reveals how a centuries-old culture informed the Cherokees’ choices, with influences as varied as matrilineal descent, clan affiliations, economic distribution, and decentralized government combining to distinguish the Native reaction to the war. The Cherokee Nation in the Civil War recalls a people enduring years of hardship while also struggling for their future as the white man’s war encroached on the physical and political integrity of their nation.
Prucha, Francis Paul. Atlas of American Indian Affairs. ... Shannon, Fred. The Organization and Administration of the Union Army. 2 vols. Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark, 1928. Sider, Gerald M. Lumbee Indian Histories: Race, Ethnicity, ...
Bearss, Edwin C. The Battle of Wilson's Creek, with battle maps by David Whitman. Wilson's Creek, Missouri: George Washington Carver Birthplace District Association, 1975. Bearss, Edwin C. "The Civil War ...
In The Confederate Cherokees, W. Craig Gaines provides an absorbing account of the Cherokees' involvement in the early years of the Civil War, focusing in particular on the actions of one group, John Drew's Regiment of Mounted Rifles.As the ...
The U.S. government's Indian Policy evolved during the 19th century, culminating in the expulsion of the American Indians from their ancestral homelands.
Recall that the Choctaw legislature passed these laws in 1836, a short five years after Nat Turner sent the South into convulsions ... News of Turner's revolt spread like wildfire, and Choctaw enslavers wanted to preempt rebellions by ...
Champions of the Cherokees : Evan and John B. Jones ( Princeton : Princeton University Press , 1990 ) , 345 . 20. See Principal Chief John Ross's letter to Confederate Brigadier General Benjamin McCulloch , 17 June 1861 , in The War of ...
A comprehensive history of the Cherokee Nation, tracing their origin, relations with other native tribes, missionaries, and settlers, forced migration to Oklahoma in the 1830s, and participation in the Civil War.
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These carefully crafted essays by leading scholars such as Amanda Cobb-Greetham, Clarissa Confer, Richard B. McCaslin, Linda W. Reese, and F. Todd Smith will help teachers and students better understand the Civil War, Native American ...
Native Americans in the Civil War: The History and Legacy of Various Indian Tribes' Participation in the War Between the States explains the various roles played by Native Americans in America's deadliest war.