This provocative study proves the existence of a de facto Confederate policy of giving no quarter to captured black combatants during the Civil War—killing them instead of treating them as prisoners of war. Rather than looking at the massacres as a series of discrete and random events, this work examines each as part of a ruthless but standard practice. Author George S. Burkhardt details a fascinating case that the Confederates followed a consistent pattern of murder against the black soldiers who served in Northern armies after Lincoln’s 1863 Emancipation Proclamation. He shows subsequent retaliation by black soldiers and further escalation by the Confederates, including the execution of some captured white Federal soldiers, those proscribed as cavalry raiders, foragers, or house-burners, and even some captured in traditional battles. Further disproving the notion of Confederates as victims who were merely trying to defend their homes, Burkhardt explores the motivations behind the soldiers’ actions and shows the Confederates’ rage at the sight of former slaves—still considered property, not men—fighting them as equals on the battlefield. Burkhardt’s narrative approach recovers important dimensions of the war that until now have not been fully explored by historians, effectively describing the systemic pattern that pushed the conflict toward a black flag, take-no-prisoners struggle.
From award-winning Civil War historian George C. Rable, Damn Yankees! is the first comprehensive study of anti-Union speech and writing, the ways these words shaped perceptions of and events in the war, and the rhetoric’s enduring legacy ...
Surgeon George C. Potts, 23rd U.S. Colored Infantry, was twice found guilty of frivolously removing a dead soldier's innards and then decapitating the corpse, Lowry and Welsh, Tarnished Scalpels, 68–75. 9. Northern black units quickly ...
He put the matter in context: “i had ruther fite A [dozen?] gunboats than to charge one breast work.” The gunboats “throde shell and shot at us too but tha dun no damege to us tha kill too men? In contrast, the assault ...
At Fort Pillow in 1864, the attack by Confederate forces under Forrest’s command left many of the Tennessee Unionists and black soldiers garrisoned there dead in a confrontation widely labeled as a “massacre.” In The River Was Dyed ...
First, three of the seventeen regiments (17.6 percent) had been formed in the aftermath of the Conscription Act, ... only until they could safely leave.26 A second regiment, the 15th Mississippi, took in one hundred new men on May 19.
George Crook to Maj. Gen. J. J. Reynolds, December 3, 1863, Official Records, Series 1, Vol. 31 (Part III), 320; J. Morris Young to Capt. R. P. Kennedy, November 18, 1863, Official Records, Series 1, Vol. 31 (Part I), 567. 11.
A Tragedy of the American Civil War Dennis W. Brandt ... [Cpl.] W[allace] Brewer & [Pvt.] L[eslie] Bard & [Pvt.] Hero Bloom were with me. ... [Pvt. William M.] Maxson fell dead within a few feet of him.7 Well, it was close work.
25 See Seminole Tribe of Florida, 517 US at 121 (Souter dissenting); Hans, 134 US at 20. 26 Seminole Tribe of Florida, 517 US at 122 (Souter dissenting). 27 Id at 68—69. 28 Each of the historical arguments surveyed above has been made ...
David Moore's division was on the left and Joseph A. Mower's division on the right, with Grierson and Edward Bouton's brigade of black troops supporting Moore. Lee and Forrest arrived on the scene by nightfall, but they disagreed as to ...
Hagemann, E. R. Fighting Rebels and Redskins: Experiences in Army Life of Colonel George B. Sanford, 1861–1892. ... Southern Sons, Northern Soldiers: The Civil War Letters of the Remley Brothers, 22nd Iowa Infantry.