The current state of affairs between the United States and the Middle East is probably the most volatile and absorbing relationship the U.S. is involved in today. Prior to 1941, however, the U.S. preferred to limit its involvement with the Middle East to launching ministries of evangelism and social welfare across the region and investing in the pumping, refining, and transportation of oil to Western markets. It was not until World War II and the Cold War, when the threat of losing control of the region and therefore losing its natural resources, military bases, and lines of communication arose, that U.S. officials were motivated to take a greater interest. Since then, the increasing level of violence in the area has led to an increase in U.S. involvement, which-in most cases-has been far from positive: the Iran hostage crisis of 1979-1981, the Persian Gulf War of 1990-1991, and the U.S. invasion and occupation of Iraq in 2003. The A to Z of United States-Middle East Relations is an essential tool to understanding how diplomatic relations deteriorated to this point. This volume concentrates on the history of diplomatic relations between the U.S. and the Middle East from the onset of the Cold War up to the present. This is accomplished through a chronology, an introduction, a bibliography, an appendix, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on the countries involved, significant events, major crises, important figures, controversial issues, and doctrines and policies. For scholars, historians, and students interested in the diplomacy of these two regions, this is an essential reference.
Politics in the Middle East
The William Foxwell Albright Centennial Conference William Foxwell Albright Centennial Conference Jerrold S. ... Though J. N. Postgate and Marvin Powell , the editors of the Bulletin of Sumerian Agriculture , have bemoaned the fact that ...
As noted above, two groups, 3a and 4c, have been recognized; it is the earliest known 3a occurrence. ... There was one fragment of a sickle which incorporated one obsidian and three flint blades; they were held together with bitumen.
There was even an international commission to regulate the disputed Jordan waters problem and provisions for a ... of special US envoy Eric Johnston , approved by Dulles , to share the Jordan and Yarmouk river waters in a scheme for ...
I know now that if they wanted to kill me, they could have that night. This is just one of the many adventures the author has faced during his 44 years of living and working in the volatile Middle East.
Palmer , Monte . Dilemmas of Political Development . 4th ed . Itasca , Ill .: F. E. Peacock Publishers , 1988 . Peretz , Don . The Middle East Today . 5th ed . New York : Praeger Publishers , 1988 . Perry , Glenn E. The Middle East .
Osama Bin Laden: Dead Or Alive?
أسامة بن لادن: حيّ أم ميت؟
In 1838 and 1839 David Roberts embarked on a long journey through the Near East.
Petra and the Holy Land: Lithographs of David Roberts, R.A.