This book was written in response to school policymaking's growing emphasis on testing. During the 1990s, a number of states implemented educational accountability systems that assigned consequences for students, teachers, or schools on the basis of student test scores. The 2001 reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (the "No Child Left Behind NCLB act of 2001") makes such test-based accountability a requirement for all 50 states. The goal of the law is ". . . to ensure that all children have a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education and reach, at a minimum, proficiency on challenging state academic achievement standards and state academic assessments." The purpose of this book is to help educators and educational policymakers understand test-based accountability so they can use it effectively in the service of this goal. States have considerable flexibility in developing their accountability systems, so long as those systems have at their core an appropriate feedback mechanism. Data on student achievement are collected annually and compared with a specific target. Failure to attain the target leads to successively harsher sanctions for schools, including ultimately reconstitution; success leads to recognition and financial rewards. when combined with greater flexibility from federal regulations and parental options to obtain supplemental educational services or move students from less-successful schools, these test-based incentives are supposed to lead to improvement for all schools.
Ben shu ju jiao yu zhi jiao shi zi de su zhi pei yang,Cong biao zhun ru shou,Chuang zao xing di kai fa le zhi jiao shi zi su yang biao zhun,Bing yi ci wei ji chu xi tong kai fa le yong yu zhi jiao shi zi su yang ti sheng de pei yang fang an ...
Korn and Bursztyn and their contributors examine the cultural transitions that children make as they move between home and school. Case studies present instances of how diversity engages us in renegotiating the personal and social.
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Drawing on the original essays of four distinguished historians—Hugh Hawkins, James Axtell, David All- mendinger, and David Potts—the cumulative impact of this volume was to upset the conventional notion that somehow liberal arts ...
So we said , no guarantee , no deal . And everything were fine . Till two year ago . We're renegotiating . What they do ? Promote a darky , don't they . OK , on the nightshift , and that's as black as ink . But once they set a precedent ...
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R., & McKee, A. (2004). Primal leadership: Learning to lead with emotional intelligence. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press. Good, T. L., & Brophy, J. E. (2002). Looking in classrooms (9th ed.).
Pearson Prentice Hall® is a trademark of Pearson Education , Inc. Hannuloks 42581708 mech 1-12-4 CONTENTS Preface 29.5 ... Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 0-13-143775-5 Pearson Education Ltd. , London ...
THE NORTH CAROLINA STUDY Corbett , Gentry , and Pearson ( 1993 ) surveyed 185 high school students in North Carolina on the frequency and seriousness of sexual harassment in their schools . Most students did not feel that sexual ...
New York : Simon & Schuster Custom Publishing , 1988/1996 . Delgago , R. , and Stefancic , J. ( eds . ) . Critical White Studies : Looking Behind the Mirror . Philadelphia : Temple University Press , 1997 .
Savage Inequalities : Children in America's Schools . New York : Crown . Leonard , H. B. 1992. By Choice or By Chance ? Tracking the Values in Massachusetts Public Spending . Boston : Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research .