Techniques for Teaching Thinking

ISBN-10
0894553798
ISBN-13
9780894553790
Category
Education
Pages
105
Language
English
Published
1989
Publisher
Midwest Publications Company
Authors
Arthur L. Costa, Lawrence F. Lowery

Description

This book presents successful classroom practices for teaching thinking skills with children and adolescents. An introduction discusses the basic importance of cognitive processes to academic success and the importance of thinking skills programs for all students. Four fundamental concepts that underlie recent changes in curriculum and instructional practices are mentioned: the theory of cognitive modifiability, the theory of multiple intelligences, the faith that intelligence can be taught, and the thesis that traditional IQ scores have little to do with success in dealing with problems encountered in daily life. The crucial role of the teacher in developing students' thinking is then discussed. The first chapter focuses on structuring and organizing the classroom for thinking, including developing instructional clarity, and structuring time and energy. The second chapter considers teacher-initiated questions and directions that elicit thinking and learning. Teacher response behaviors that extend thinking and learning are examined in the third chapter. The importance of "thought-full" language in the classroom is stressed in the fourth chapter, which covers subtopics such as the linguistic nature of instruction, discipline, classroom management, and probing for specificity. Strategies for enhancing metacognition are offered next. The sixth chapter provides techniques for teaching a thinking skill or strategy directly and includes a lesson-planning strategy and a sample lesson. The final chapter examines ways to evaluate student thinking skills. The epilogue focuses on the importance of modeling or behaving consistently with our cognitive goals and objectives. References accompany each chapter. (CR)

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