Referential communication is the term given to communicative acts, generally spoken, in which some kind of information is exchanged between one speaker and another. This information exchange is typically dependent on successful acts of reference, whereby entities (human and non-human) are identified (by naming or describing), are located or moved relative to other entities (by giving instructions or directions), or are followed through sequences of locations and events (by recounting an incident or a narrative). These "activities" are examples of events that are more typically described as "tasks" in the area of second language studies. These might be real world tasks encountered in everyday experience or pedagogical tasks specifically designed for second language classroom use. This volume comprehensively documents and describes the veritable explosion of task-based research in language acquisition. In a succinct, yet easily accessible fashion, it presents the origins, principles, and key distinctions of referential communication research in first and second language studies, complete with exhaustive analyses and illustrations of different types of materials. The author also describes and evaluates different choices for using or modifying these materials, provides analytic frameworks for focusing on various aspects of the data elicited by these tasks, and includes an extensive bibliography plus an appendix showing original task materials.
Young children typically perform inefficiently as listeners on referential communication tasks and also when playing the game of 20 questions. In both cases they guess at the identity of the...
This resource can be utilized by any professional desiring to engage children and adolescents in tasks which improve speaking, listening, and thinking skills.
The Functions of Language and Cognition provides a forum for articulating a functional approach to language and cognition. This book discusses the influence of structural approaches to language and thought.
This book examines the topic of communication strategies, the ways in which people seek to express themselves or understand what someone else is saying or writing.
Based on this apparent pattern in the data, Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the extent to which the five noun phrase complexity variables correlated with one another.
Table 2 | Mean AIST performance for each SNR in each noise type pooled over MLLs. ... A significant two-way interaction between noise type and SNR was found [F(4,76) simple main effects = revealed 2.96, p significant = 0.025, ...
... Referential Communication The referential, or informative, function of language serves to convey information about particular referents. The speakers task is to enable the listener to identify correctly the referent from other ...
Planning strategic interaction: Attaining goals through communcative. Abelson, R.P. (1976). Script processing in attitude formation and decision-making. In J.S.Carroll & J. W.Payne (Eds.), Cognition and social behavior (pp. 33–45).
... referential communication is a developmental achieve- ment in which egocentric language is replaced by more decentered language that includes listener - useful descriptions . The referential communication paradigm has also been used ...
Originally published in 1987, the purpose of this companion volume to Donald Ford’s (1987) Humans as Self-Constructing Living Systems: A Developmental Perspective on Personality and Behavior was to illustrate the potential utility of the ...