This testimony discusses a report on accountability for small arms and light weapons that the U.S. has obtained and provided or intends to provide to the Afghan National Security Forces (ANSF) -- the Afghan National Army and the Afghan National Police. Given the unstable security conditions in Afghanistan, the risk of loss and theft of these weapons is significant, which makes this hearing particularly timely. This testimony focuses on: (1) the types and quantities of weapons the DoD has obtained for ANSF; (2) whether DoD can account for the weapons it obtained for ANSF; and (3) the extent to which ANSF can properly safeguard and account for its weapons and other sensitive equipment. Illustrations.