Developing capable Afghan National Army (ANA) forces is a key element of the U.S. and NATO-led coalition effort to counter the insurgency and create sustainable security in Afghanistan. The DoD leads U.S. efforts to train and equip the ANA. U.S. agencies have allocated about $20 billion in support of the ANA since 2002 and have requested $7.5 billion more for fiscal year 2011. This report examined: (1) the extent of progress made and challenges faced in expanding the size of the ANA; (2) the extent of progress made and challenges faced in developing ANA capability; and (3) how much estimated future funding will be needed to sustain and further grow the ANA. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand edition of an important, hard-to-find publication.