People can be used by computers to solve problems. In most cases this 'human computation' is used to gather information that computers struggle to create. These problems can be phrased as games to provide an incentive for people to do the work. In the past, these games have captured a broad level of information in the hope that specific needs will be covered. But what happens when we need specific information that the games have not been designed to create? Mutually reinforcing systems are a new approach to human computation that tries to attain this focus by allowing multiple systems to work together so that each one can benefit from the other's strengths. This dissertation shows that extending human computation techniques to allow the collection and classification of useful contextual information in mobile environments is possible and can be extended to allow the by-products to match the specific needs of another system.
However, nationally and subnationally, there exist challenges in the conceptualization, planning and operationalization of an integrated, mutually reinforcing approach to these goals (3, 4, 5). Globally, outbreaks such as human ...
Managing Chemical Risks: Corporate Response to SARA Title III, Rev. Ed. Chelsea, Mich.: Lewis. ... Chemical Week. 1991. Product stewardship: exploring the “how-to.” December 11, pp. 13–16. Council of Logistics Management. 1993.
Only in Bulgaria do we see elements of mutually reinforcing political divisions articulated in a party system with rather diffuse programmatic structuring . Here the economic divide between parties coincides to a considerable extent ...
Since its independence in 1965, the small yet globally ambitious nation-state has increased its landmass by almost 25 ... This narrative of survival—of small, vulnerable David up against global Goliaths—dominates the country's official ...
It is a rigorous, focused examination of the central questions in the field today. The text examines: The roots of the field of race and ethnic studies. The distinction between race and ethnicity. Methodological issues facing researchers.
A further claim is that multidimensionality moves from the level of identity to the systemic level to reveal how “systems of domination are mutually reinforcing” (438). A focal point in the development of the post-intersectionality ...
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Central to intersectionality is the tenet that racism and sexism operate as mutually reinforcing systems of inequality (P. Collins 2001).Within sociological traditions, intersectional theory views race, gender, and class as neither ...
While it aspires to offer a lucid introduction to these theories, the purpose of this book is more than informative.