In San Francisco, CA, in 1858, a young African American man was freed from the claims of a white man who sought to return him to slavery in Mississippi. This was one year after the Supreme Court’s notorious Dred Scott decision and during the California Gold Rush, which saw the population of the state rise from 7,000 to more than 60,000 in a few short years. Archy Lee was the name of the man who, with the aid of anti-slavery lawyers and determined opponents of human bondage, had just won his freedom from the claims of Charles Stovall. With the aid of pro-slavery lawyers and equally determined supporters, Stovall had sought to capture him and carry him back to a far-away slave plantation. Yet the book is not solely about Archy Lee. It is also about the travel routes that the gold-seekers followed to California in the 1850s, some by land over the Great Plains, some by sea around Cape Horn, yet others by sailing from the east coast of North America to the isthmus of Panama, where they crossed over the land there by train and continued on by sea to San Francisco. It is about the efforts of the racially motivated lawmakers to suppress the rights of all of California’s residents except whites, and to subject people of African, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American descent to second-, third-, or even fourth-class citizenship. It is about the residents of the state—including many whites—who fought back against those efforts, seeking to ameliorate or repeal the discriminatory laws and introduce a measure of fairness and justice into California’s civil life. It is about the lawyers and judges who participated in Archy Lee’s legal struggles in 1858, some supporting his claims for freedom while others ferociously opposed them and, in the process, elevated their own political and professional profiles.
This is the story of Archy Lee, and the fight against slavery in a non-slave state"-- Brian McGinty's Archy Lee's Struggle for Freedom tells the little-known story of one of the most dramatic struggles for freedom that took place in the ...
France, 203, 204–5 Franciscan missionaries, 32 Frazier, Donald S., 252n29 Frederick Douglass' Paper, ... Gary, 295n83 Garnett, Richard B., 184 Garnett, Robert S., 241 Garrison, William Lloyd, 230 genízaros, 216–17 Georgia, ...
Here for the first time in a book for young readers is the story of the African American forty-niners who went west to seek fortunes and freedom in the California...
This volume of essays is the first to focus on the Colored Conventions movement, the nineteenth century's longest campaign for Black civil rights.
We are given in this book a way of seeing and knowing black malenesssophisticated in concept but bracingly vivid in the telling. "
Brian McGinty provides the first comprehensive account of the trial, which raised important questions about jurisdiction, judicial fairness, and the nature of treason under the American constitutional system.
Charles Stovall of Mississippi brought his slave into the free state of California leading, in 1852, to the landmark trial to free Archy Lee
McGinty shows how, in the horrors of the war then engulfing the nation, memories of Tillman's heroism-- even of his identity-- were all but lost to history.
11. Jackson, Ku Klux Klan, 188. 12. Lay, Invisible Empire, 8. 13. McVeigh, Rise of the Ku Klux Klan, 15–16. 14. See Johnston, Radical Middle Class. Johnston makes the point that the strength of the Portland Klan over local politics has.
Whether enslaved or free, they too were involved in this transformative movement. Sweet Freedom’s Plains is a powerful retelling of the migration story from their perspective.