Financing government has emerged as a central problem in almost all transitional countries. Under Planned communist regimes, governments directly control and allocate economic resources. In decentralized market economies they must find incentive - compatible and administratively efficient ways to extract resources from large numbers of agents. New tax bases consistent with a market economy are required as the old tax bases, consisting of the surpluses of state enterprises, evaporate. This volume provides a broad coverage of the formidable problems governments face in transforming their systems of taxation in the transition. Deeper insights into the broad issues requires case analysis of the actual issues confronted by governments and their policies. This volume considers the experience of Bulgaria. Having experienced very large external shocks and large declines in the ration of tax revenue to GDP, Bulgaria has attributes in common with many countries of the former Soviet Union.
We thank Brigitte Coulton and Madona Devasahayam for arranging the editing of the book, Alfred R. Imhoff for editing, Maria Banov for ensuring rapid production, and Kara Davis for designing the book cover.
... covert , or semiformal — that were extended to the DPRK by Western governments in the kangsong taeguk period , we might well discover that the ratio of such outside assistance to local commercial earnings began to approach the scale ...
In Encylopedia of U.S. Foreign Relations , Volume 2 , edited by Bruce W. Jentleson and Thomas G. Paterson . New York : Oxford University Press , 1997 . Coombs , Herbert C. “ The Keynesian Crusade . ” Postwar Reconstruction Seminar ...
This book develops an approach to international political economy that focuses on culture.
Effects of a Decade of Change Jeffrey Grogger, Jeff Grogger, Lynn A. Karoly, Grogger-Karoly ... 18 ** 30 ** 29 Atlanta LFA 19 -25 ** -22 * -14 -27 -32 Grand Rapids LFA 11 -27 ** -26 ** -22 Riverside LFA 1 -11 33 44 Portland 151 * 39 6 ...
Pointed out by David R. Howell and Susan S. Wieler , " Trends in Computerization , Skill Composition and Low Earnings : Implications for Education and Training Policy " ( New York : Graduate School of Management , New School for Social ...
Wolf, Arthur, “Chinese Family Size: A Myth Revisited,” pp. 30-49 in The Chinese Family and Its Ritual Behavior, eds. Jih-chang Hsieh and Ying-chang Chuang, Taipei: Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, 1985. Xu, Xiaohe and Shu-chuan ...
... Labor and Consumer Groups : National Consumers League Business for Social Responsibility International Labor Rights Fund Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Center for Human Rights Lawyers Committee for Human Rights Joined after 1996 Karen ...
Mary T. Moore , David Myers , and Tim Silva , Addressing Literacy Needs at Work : Implementation and Impact of Workplace Literacy Programs ( Washington , D.C .: Mathematica Policy Research , Inc.
Public Policy and Politics in America