Franklin D. Roosevelt

ISBN-10
2847347348
ISBN-13
9782847347340
Series
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Category
Presidents
Pages
574
Language
French
Published
2012
Publisher
Editions Tallandier
Author
Yves-Marie Péréon

Description

Souvent considéré comme "le plus grand président américain du XXe siècle", Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945) demeure un modèle pour ses successeurs et une référence en temps de crise ou de conflit international. Quand il entre à la Maison-Blanche en 1933, une Amérique en plein désarroi vit les heures les plus sombres de la Grande Dépression. Douze ans plus tard, c'est en commandant en chef des forces armées d'un pays rassemblé et victorieux qu'il prête serment pour la quatrième fois. Alors que les Etats-Unis deviennent la première puissance mondiale, sa capacité à susciter l'adhésion de ses compatriotes et son sens du "moment politique" lui assurent une série sans précédent de victoires électorales. Il est l'artisan de réformes durables : protection sociale, régulation de l'activité financière, modernisation de la présidence et redéfinition du rôle de l'Etat fédéral - son héritage est considérable. Président de crise puis président de guerre, il parvient à convaincre les Américains, isolationnistes jusqu'à Pearl Harbor, d'assumer leurs responsabilités internationales. Mais "le sphinx de la Maison Blanche" reste une énigme : patricien traité de populiste ; homme du mouvement paralysé dans sa chaise roulante ; communicateur inventif ayant le goût du secret, voire de la manipulation ; promoteur d'un New Deal dont on se demande encore s'il a vraiment mis fin à la crise ; leader du monde libre contre l'Allemagne nazie mais accusé de complaisance envers Staline à Yalta - paradoxes et controverses ne manquent pas.

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