Did women have an Enlightenment? Historians have long excluded women from the Enlightenment orbit. But images of 'Woman' loomed large in Enlightenment thought, and women themselves---as scientists and salonnières, bluestockings and governesses, polemicists and novelists---contributed much to enlightened intellectual culture. From Edinburgh to Naples, from Paris to Philadelphia, innovative minds of both sexes challenged conventional assumptions about female nature and entitlements, and imagined new modes of relating between the sexes. Viewpoints competed, with feminists utilizing enlightened principles to argue for women's rights while defenders of masculine privilege developed new rationales for male dominance grounded in Enlightenment science. This path-breaking volume of interdisciplinary essays by forty leading scholars provides a detailed picture of the creative, controversial role played by women and gender issues in the age of light.
Provides a look at the studies, innovations, key figures, and controversy in the world of science during the eigteenth-century, discussing astronomy, chemistry, botany, and medicine.
First published in 1784, Kant's immortal essay is now a part of the Penguin Great Ideas series. This series is ideal for readers who want to explore and savor the Great Ideas that have shaped our world.
Richardson, Robert D., Jr. “Introduction.” In Charles-François Dupuis, The Origins of All ... Robson, David. Educating Republicans: The College in the Era of the American Revolution, 1750–1800. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1985.
A reappraisal of the work of five major narrative historians (Voltaire, Hume, Robertson, Gibbon and Ramsay) in eighteenth-century Europe and America.
16 For patronage and preferment in Ulm, see Haag, Predigt und Gesellschaft, passim. For the educated clergy, see Rublack, " 'Der Wohlgeplagte Priester,' " 29, and Deppermann, Der hallesche Pietismus, und der preussische Staat unter ...
Weaver , William and Chiusid , Martin , A Verdi Companion ( London , 1980 ) . Weidmann , Paul , Johann Faust . Ein allegorisches Drama ( Prague , 1775 ) . Welleck , René , A History of Modern Criticism ( London , 1955 ) .
啓蒙運動: 自由之科學
"Advancing the Enlightenment draws upon John Rawls, Gilles Deleuze, and Tariq Ramadan to present a vision for progressive politics.
Peter Baumgart : Die Annexion und Eingliederung Schlesiens in den friderizianischen Staat . In : ders . ... Kritischer als Baumgart urteilt Wilhelm Treue : Schlesiens Eingliederung in das preußische Wirtschaftssystem .
本书详细追溯德国思想家莱辛在哲学形而上学和方法论上的历史渊源及在莱辛时代所处的危机和困境,尤以对笛卡尔和沃尔夫的哲学神学思想的分析具有高度的逻辑思辩性和穿透力。