The ideal value-added tax (VAT) would carry an economic efficiency ratio of 100 as, in theory, VAT should not be susceptible to exemptions and rate variations. However, practical reality tells a different story, and it will come as no surprise to learn that the VAT systems of almost all countries remain far from the benchmark, and that this is particularly the case when VAT is applied to real estate. This book describes and analyses VAT treatment of real estate transactions in six representative countries: Australia, Canada, Germany, Japan, Mexico, and the United Kingdom. As in any jurisdiction, the VAT schemes covered must accommodate complex factual matrices that demand consistent, fair, and equal treatment. Among these VAT determinants the authors, each an expert in the national tax law of one of the six countries, address the following: types of real estate sales; long versus short term leases; commercial versus residential use; newly constructed versus existing property; status of the parties involved as taxable or non-taxable for VAT; taxable and tax-free supplies; special rules for charities, mooring facilities, aircraft, sports facilities, etc.; subdivision of apartments into title units; commercial residential premises; construction work; cross-border supply of construction work and services; and transfer of a ‘going concern’. The discussions also include the practical areas of accounting for VAT, administrative compliance, personal tax liability, and VAT refund and overpayment certification processes, as well as thorough consideration of relevant case law and examination of frequently litigated matters. Each author has designed his or her chapter to ensure that the technical nuances of each system are explained. An introductory chapter outlines economic theory and preferred VAT treatment of real estate transactions, and compares the variety of solutions applied in the six countries covered. Although a number of legal works exist on real estate under VAT in single jurisdictions, this is the first book to combine a multi-jurisdictional approach with attention to relevant economic theory, allowing for a very useful assessment of best practices. For this reason it is sure to be welcomed by practitioners and academics not only as an overview of the problem areas encountered when designing VAT policy, but also as a reference in applying VAT to real estate transactions.
Due to the OECD’s BEPS project, national tax systems are being significantly modified. This book aims at identifying and discussing the current global trends in both VAT/GST and direct taxes.
For an extensive examination of the taxation of telephone cards and its relationship to the taxation of vouchers, see Millar, “The Australian GST Treatment of Telephone Cards,” VAT Monitor, Sept./Oct. 2003, p. 365. 100 GSTR 2003/5, ...
This book, comprising the proceedings and working documents of an annual seminar held in Milan in November 2014, provides a thorough analysis of the taxation of immovable properties. 0The analysis starts from a survey of the concept of ...
This volume is the first and so far only book in English that provides a thorough, in-depth analysis of international arbitration law and practice in Portugal.
This extremely useful book provides not only a thorough description of the current state of EU VAT law, but also a detailed explanation of the system’s rationale and its legislative provisions.
This book encompasses the Recast VAT (Value Added Tax) Directive, updated up to April 2014 with comments, identifications of articles, cross references , reference to the implementation measures regulation, reference to the VAT Committee ...
This collection of Master's theses aims at identifying and discussing the current global trends in both VAT/GST and direct taxes.
As the first truly authoritative resource on a topic of increasing importance in international tax – a key topic for businesses, tax authorities, tax advisors, and government regulators – this book will be warmly welcomed by all ...
They notably include the recommended principles and mechanisms to address the challenges for the collection of VAT on cross-border sales of digital products that had been identified in the context of the OECD/G20 Project on Base and Erosion ...