My overall research question orients these fields: 'How do local water rules and rights give substance to Andean irrigation water control systems (and vice-versa), and in what manner do processes of normalization restructure and subjugate these local water institutions? How do Andean water user collectives defend themselves against water rights encroachment, resist the disciplining of their water socio-legal repertoires, and create strategic space for community-controlled water rights definition and enforcement?' Twelve basic questions guide my research into the deep waters of 'normalization and resistance': My research took place as a many-years process of academic and action-research with highland water user organizations, peasant communities, indigenous federations, interaction with NGOs, State institutes and research centers, and the coordination of international research programs on water rights in the Andean region.