A single, monumental mappa mundi (world map), made around 1300 for Hereford Cathedral, survives intact from the Middle Ages. As Marcia Kupfer reveals in her arresting new study, this celebrated testament to medieval learning has long been profoundly misunderstood. Features of the colored and gilded map that baffle modern expectations are typically dismissed as the product of careless execution. Kupfer argues that they should rightly be seen as part of the map's encoded commentary on the nature of vision itself. Optical conceits and perspectival games formed part of the map's language of vision, were central to its commission, and shaped its display, formal design, and allegorical fabric. These discoveries compel a sweeping revision of the artwork's intellectual and art-historical genealogy, as well as its function and aesthetic significance, shedding new light on the impact of scientific discourses in late medieval art.
The Hereford Mappa Mundi
As noted in his travel account, Fabri admired the map's grandiose beauty.20 It confirmed him in his view of the world: firstly that the encircling ocean defined the shape of 17 Cf. Marcia Kupfer, Art and Optics in the Hereford Map: An ...
8 See Marcia Kupfer's forthcoming Art and Optics in the Hereford Map, which updates and supplants her pioneering work in “Medieval World Maps: Embedded Images, Interpretive Frames.” I thank her for sharing with me her work in press and ...
Created in Hereford around 13002 at a time when bestiaries in England had reached their apogee, this map, with its twenty-eight or so finely rendered bestiary ... 1300 date, see Marcia Kupfer, Art and Optics in the Hereford Map.
Marcia Kupfer, Art and Optics in the Hereford Map. An English mappa mundi, c. 1300, New Haven/CT 2016; Paul D. A. Harvey (ed), The Hereford World Map. Medieval World Maps and Their Context, London 2006; Naomi Reed Kline, Maps of ...
THE MONSTROUS RACES: MAPPING THE BORDERS OF SEX 1. For the map, Scott Westrem, The Hereford Map: A Transcription and Translation of the Legends with Commentary (Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2001); Marcia Kupfer, Art and Optics in the ...
In Transforming Relations: Essays on Jews and Christians Throughout History in Honor of Michael A. Signer, ed. Franklin T. Harkins, 75–100. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2010. Ziolkowski, Jan. “Juggling the Middle Ages: ...
Hence a mappa mundi, radically simplified to a generalized cartographic resume of the terrestrial arena, ... in a monograph now in preparation, From Panoramic Survey to Mirror Reflection: Art and Optics in the Hereford Mappa Mundi.
Epistemological Explorations, Orientation, and Mapping in Medieval Literature Albrecht Classen. 1997); Cecilia A. Hatt, God and the Gawain-Poet: ... (13) For the Hereford Map, see now Kupfer, Art and Optics in the Hereford Map (2016).
Visual representations on a two-dimensional map (e.g., Hereford mappamundi) and narrative imaginations, such as in Herzog Ernst and in ... See also Marcia Kupfer, Art and Optics in the Hereford Map: An English Mappa Mundi, c.